Issue #1, 2025
PROBLEMS OF ECOLOGY, EDUCATION, ECOLOGICAL CULTURE, EARTH SCIENCES
The paper highlights the features of supplementary education for children, aimed at achieving national goals and creating opportunities for the development of talents and self-realization of young people, as well as fostering patriotic and socially responsible individuals. Methodological principles, the overarching goal, and the main directions for the development of supplementary science education are identified. Using the activities of the Federal Center for Supplementary Education and Children\'s Recreation and Health Improvement as an example, the formation of a unified educational space for science education for children is presented. Keywords: supplementary education for children, science-oriented education, national goals
The article analyzes the scientific legacy of outstanding Russian scientists V. I. Vernadsky and N. N. Moiseev in relation to their reflections on the place and role of man in the biosphere, on the noosphere as a new «intelligent shell» that allows man to further develop civilizationally in interaction with nature. The crucial role of education is considered — the role of the «Teacher» system in the preparation and implementation of the coevolution of nature and society based on ecological and moral imperatives. An important conclusion is drawn about the problem of the axiology of educational systems that provide future generations with a value-semantic basis for the development of a planetary civilization. Keywords: V. I. Vernadsky, N. N. Moiseev, noosphere, «Teacher system», axiology of educational systems.
The article raises the problem of the correspondence of the ideas about health formed in schoolchildren with the data of modern science. The analysis of educational literature shows that it is dominated by concrete and practical recipes for a healthy lifestyle («more and more about less») with a lack of generalizing, scientific knowledge about the regularities of functioning of complex, self-governing systems. The lack of such knowledge not only makes graduates incompetent in health issues, but also hinders the formation of a modern picture of the world, understanding of the causes of environmental problems, and readiness to solve the problems of sustainable development of the country. It is proved that it is possible to correct the situation by including knowledge about nonlinear complex systems in school education by updating the content of two key vectors of modern education — its ecologization and informatization. Keywords: system, health, ecologization, informatization, content of education.
THRESHOLD ASSUMPTION IN A-BOMB AND NUCLEAR POWER PLANT LAWSUITS
This study aims to examine the possibility of calculating damages for the health effects of low-dose radiation exposure under an untraditional tort doctrine. This is because nuclear damage is a specific type of damage that has no precedent in Japan. In the A-Bomb «Black Rain» Lawsuit, the Hiroshima High Court extensively ruled that the health effects of internal radiation exposure were acceptable, without relying on scientific dose estimates. This is a different decision from the precedent in similar cases. This paper argues that the Hiroshima case is beneficial to the relief of the Hibakusha. However, the Hiroshima case did not deal with specific considerations of the threshold assumption and made a qualitative decision. And this had a negative impact on the Nagasaki judgement. In other words, the Nagasaki case led to an underestimation of the health effects of low-dose radiation exposure and, as a result, the scope of relief for Hibakusha was limited. Keywords: 100 mSv Threshold Assumption, A-Bomb «Black Rain» Lawsuit, 5th Supplement to the Interim Guideline, Nonprecedented Nuclear Damage
This article discusses the issues of environmental education of future power engineers, the creation of an educational environment at a university, and analyzes the presence of an environmental educational component in the educational work programs of some universities. Keywords: ecological culture, environmental education, educational environment of the university.
Within the framework of eco-philosophy, which builds upon the traditions of cosmism (including the concepts of N. N. Moiseev), the study of population health emerges as a critical philosophical, medical, cultural, and educational task. This necessitates the development of philosophical, ideological, general scientific, and praxeological approaches essential for fostering societal well-being in Russia. Keywords: N.N. Moiseev, eco-philosophy, Russia, human well-being, integrity, interconnection of homeostasis and environment, population health, cosmic dimension of eco-anthropology.
The article is devoted to the problems of legislative support of the state environmental policy and their decisive influence on the development of the environmental education system in the Russian Federation. Keywords: ecology, politics, legislation, education, system, culture, paradigm.
MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
ON THE PATIENT\'S INFLUENCE ON THE POSTOPERATIVE HEALING PROCESS: AN EXPERIMENTUM CRUCIS
In a follow-up study conducted from 1950 onwards, significant and relevant differences in mortality were found among survivors of the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki who had been exposed to the same levels of radiation, with or without additional physical damage. This was unexpected, as it had been assumed that five years after surviving the somatic damage, both groups would be classified as part of the normal population and that both had been exposed to identical levels of radiation. W. Kofler assumed that each person has a limited ability to organize healing processes. The group with additional physical damage from the atomic bombs then differed from the group without these additional demands. Different results were therefore to be expected. It was inadmissible to draw conclusions about the generalizability of the data from the survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. However, the chosen approach also corresponded to that of an «Experimentum crucis» (F. Bacon). In this case, the paradigm that took into account limited organizational capacity proved to be more effective than the one that did not. This should have had far-reaching consequences. However, these could be avoided by relying on an argument based on the current state of knowledge. Since radiation exposure is based on quantum effects, predictions would only be possible for large numbers (population-based approach). For individual cases, however, the uncertainty principle must be taken into account. It would therefore be worth discussing whether the epidemiologically proven assumption of the usefulness of only limited organizational capacity can be transferred to a capacity that every individual possesses. This objection can only be addressed in a case study. The present study demonstrates the greater significance of a view of the current state of knowledge that is expanded to include limited organizational effectiveness regarding biological and psychophysiological processes, e.g. in wound healing. It had been predicted that the healing process in individual lung cancer surgery would be faster if the patient was able to temporarily suspend competing processes that are not currently needed and that require the use of organizational capacity. The relevance of managing individual capacity to organize homeostatic functions is demonstrated in the described clinical case study. Keywords: Experimentum Crucis, ability to organize, healing processes, individual.
This study investigates the role of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) in supporting educational tools for facial observation (望诊, Wàng zhěn), a diagnostic method in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Rooted in classical texts such as Huangdi Neijing (黄帝内经), the research focuses on creating AI-generated imagery to complement educational resources. These visual tools enrich learning materials, improve accessibility for diverse populations, and address gaps in traditional training methods, enhancing students\' ability to understand and recognize diagnostic markers. Keywords: AI (Artificial Intelligence), Traditional Chinese Medicine, Facial Observation, Education, Semantic Bridging, Training
HUMANITARIAN SCIENCES
The problems and the path of qualitative development of university education are discussed, based on the criterial base of culture, spirituality, higher mental activity. The necessity of taking into account the specific experience of national/Russian methodology is substantiated, on the basis of which a «sketch» of the university’s image for the future is proposed. Keywords: analytics, thinking, criteria, reflection, idea, ideal, culture, logic, world picture.
This article is devoted to the consideration of the problems of transformation of human capital in the context of the active development of artificial intelligence. The author vividly describes the directions of transformation of the traditional organization of the educational process in the context of the increased length of online learning and digitalization of the process of choosing an individual learning trajectory, examines the role of the teacher in modern conditions from the perspective of cultural formation and personal development of the student. The main types of risks that students may face in the context of, in fact, the transition from the traditional educational process to the learning process based on artificial intelligence technologies are highlighted. Keywords: human capital, artificial intelligence, digitalization, educational process, learner, individual trajectory, awareness, culture, personal development.
SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL VALUES IN THE SYSTEM OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF A FUTURE TEACHER
The article identifies the relevance of the formation of socio-ecological values of the future teacher, reveals the content of the concept of «socio-ecological values» and highlights its main components: nature, technology, man and society. Socioecological values are represented in the social and environmental directions of the Concept of Sustainable Development. The theoretical and methodological approaches determining the formation of socio-ecological values of the future teacher are substantiated: social, ecological, socio-ecological and ecosystem. The socio-ecological value of the future teacher is expressed through personal, social and state values. Keywords: socio-ecological values, eco-social image of a person, continuous socio-ecological education, components of socioecologicalvalues, professional training, future teacher.
VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF FUTURE ENGINEERS AS THE BASIS FOR THE FORMATION OF A RESEARCH CULTURE
The article highlights the values and value orientations of future engineers that form the ideological basis for the development of a high-level research culture, and also presents the results of empirical research describing the current state of the art on this issue. Keywords: the research culture of the future engineer, engineering personnel training, value orientations, values.
INDIVIDUAL TOLERANCE TO HYPOXIA AND HYPOXIC CONDITIONING (Brief Review)
The article explores individual tolerance to hypoxia and methods of hypoxic conditioning, which hold significant potential in medicine, sports, and rehabilitation. The authors examine key factors influencing hypoxic tolerance, including genetic, physiological, hormonal, and psychological characteristics, as well as the role of sex and age. Special attention is given to methods for assessing hypoxia tolerance, such as hypoxic tests, and their applications in clinical and sports practice. Hypoxic conditioning, based on controlled exposure to hypoxia, is presented as a promising method for enhancing the body\'s adaptation to oxygen deficiency. Its positive effects are described, including improved microcirculation, antioxidant defense, cognitive function, and rehabilitation after illnesses (cardiovascular events, COVID-19. The importance of a personalized approach and the integration of artificial intelligence technologies to optimize protocols and predict individual responses is emphasized. In conclusion, it is noted that further research in this field may lead to the development of new strategies for increasing hypoxia tolerance, expanding their applications in clinical practice, sports medicine, and the prevention of diseases associated with oxygen deficiency. Keywords: hypoxia, adaptation, stress, individual tolerance, oxygen saturation
THE LEVEL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CULTURE AMONG 9TH GRADE STUDENTS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
The article presents the results of an empirical study on the level of ecological culture among ninth-grade secondary school students. The aim of the study was to examine the formation of various components of ecological culture in schoolchildren. The methods used were «Characteristics of Ecological Representations», «Self-Assessment of Attitude towards Nature», and the verbal associative method «Dominant Attitude towards Nature» by A. V. Gagarin. The analysis of the obtained data revealed a predominance of anthropocentric orientation and an insufficiently high level of development of an ecocentric worldview among the majority of respondents. Insufficient maturity of the ethical component of ecological consciousness and a significant proportion of pragmatic perception of nature were noted. The results obtained indicate the need for further development of environmental education aimed at the formation of a holistic ecological culture among students. Keywords: ecological culture, environmental education, ecological consciousness, anthropocentrism, ecocentrism, attitude towards nature, students, empirical research.
This paper presents a comprehensive plan for the restoration of the Desna River, including an analysis of the current state, identification of sources of pollution, and determination of rehabilitation effectiveness indicators. The plan provides for a detailed inventory of pollution sources, reconstruction of sewage treatment plants at key points in New Moscow and the Moscow region, as well as rehabilitation of the riverbed. The need to take action is caused by environmental problems, such as the mass death of birds and the threat to public health caused by toxic wastewater and inefficient operation of sewage treatment plants. An integrated approach involving government organizations and environmental experts is proposed. Keywords: ecosystem, Desna River, sewage treatment plants, reclamation, efficiency indicators.
PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS IN SYRIA: CURRENT KEY TRENDS
The article analyzes the main trends in the development of the system of professional training of future teachers in Syria. The content of the National Development Program aimed at modernizing the Syrian education system at all levels is considered.Much attention is paid to the development of Russian-Syrian relations in the field of education. Keywords: professional training, teacher education, Series, modern educational trends.